Effect of Types and Behavior of Eating on Body Mass Index, Anthropometric Measures and Body Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Iraq Thi Qar

Abstract

Back ground:  Diabetes mellitus is the condition arises when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin or when the body cannot effectively utilize the insulin it produces consumed food affect largely the blood sugar and hence the body mass index. Aim of the study: is to study and give overview about the effect of food on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient and method: this is cross-sectional study where 300 patients randomly selected were included, it was performed in Alnasiriyah diabetes and endocrine center  1/ january2022-May 2024.  Full history and examination were taken included the history of food intake. Anthropometric measures and body composition and body mass index are taken also. Several investigations were sent included blood sugar, and glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, renal function test. We use windows 10 program in our computer and SPSS-26, numbers expressed inform of frequency and percentages by using the Excel sheets for drawing graphs. Results: the study shows there is there is no effect of consuming fatty diet on the mid arm circumference and body mass index. (p=0.07) but there is an effect of the sweety diet, soft drink, on body mass index and the categorized one (p=0.02) in both of them. The sweety diet has an effect on body fat distribution (P=0.01), random blood sugar (P= 0.04), a good relationship between sweety diet and breakfast intake (p= 0.01) and with awake up at the morning(p=0.02). The consumption of meat affects fat composition(p=0.02) and random blood sugar (p=0.02). Conclusion: the type of food intake had a paramount effect on body mass index, blood sugar control, and anthropometric   parameters as sweets, soft drinks, white bread, can increase the blood sugar and body mass index and protein and fat and vegetable diets has no effect on body mass index.